Who is the author of 'Small Steps: The
Year I Got Polio"? Peg Kehret cover
What did Peg know about polio before
she got it?
It killed or crippled thousands of people,
mainly children, each year.
Chapter
1
How many cases of polio were reported
in the US in 1949? 42,033 Chapter 1
How old was Peg Schulze when she got
polio? twelve Chapter 1
Where did Peg live when she got polio? Austin, Minnesota Chapter 1
In what month did Peg start having
symptoms of polio? September Chapter 1
What did Peg not want to miss on the the
day she started having symptoms? The Homecoming Parade Chapter 1
What time did the Homecoming Parade
start? 4:00 PM Chapter 1
What grade was Peg in when she got
polio? 7th Chapter 1
What was Peg's last class before lunch? chorus Chapter 1
What song was Peg's chorus practicing
for the Homecoming parade?
The lyrics on the inscription on the Statue
of Liberty Chapter 1
What was the first symptom Peg felt of
polio? A twitching muscle in her left thigh Chapter 1
What happened when Peg walked toward
her locker? She collapsed--her legs gave out. Chapter 1
How many blocks did Peg have to walk
home? twelve Chapter 1
What other symptoms did Peg have? Sore throat, headache, hurting back, tired Chapter 1
What was Peg's temperature when her
mom took it? 102 Chapter 1
What was Peg's family doctor's name--
the one who ordered a spinal tap on her? Dr. Wright Chapter 1
What is supposed to happen when a
doctor hits your knee with a rubber
mallet? You leg is supposed to jerk (reflexes) Chapter 1
Where was the special hospital for polio
patients? Minneapolis Chapter 1
What magazine had Peg seen with
pictures of polio patients? Life Magazine Chapter 1
What organization raised money each
year to help polio patients and fund
research? The March of Dimes Chapter 1
When did polio epidemics usually happen
during the year? warm weather Chapter 1
To avoid contracting polio, what did
parents do with their children?
Kept them out of swimming pools and
crowded public places Chapter 1
How far was the special hospital from
Peg's home? one hundred miles Chapter 1
Who was BJ? Peg's dog Chapter 1
What prize did the 7th grade float win? second prize Chapter 1
What did Peg's grandpa do when she left
for the hospital that she had never seen
him do? cry Chapter 1
What was the name of the special
hospital in Minneapolis? Sheltering Arms Hospital Chapter 1
When Peg woke up on her first morning
at Sheltering Arms, what did she
discover? She was paralyzed from the neck down. Chapter 1
Chapter
2
What did Peg want to get, but couldn't
reach for, on the first morning at
Sheltering Arms? a glass of ice water Chapter 2
What is 'intercostal expansion'?
The muscles that expand the ribcage
when you breath Chapter 2
What was Peg's official diagnosis the
first day at Sheltering Arms Acute anterior poliomyelitis Chapter 2
Why were no visitors allowed in to see
Peg? They couldn't risk spreading the disease Chapter 2
After two days, what other symptoms
did Peg have, in addition to being
paralyzed? It was harder to breathe or swallow Chapter 2
What was another name for the
respirators people with polio were put
into to help them breathe? iron lung Chapter 2
What was the other hospital called--the
one with the iron lungs? University of Minnesota Hospital Chapter 2
How many kinds of polio did Peg have? three Chapter 2
What kind of hospital was Sheltering
Arms?
A rehabilitation center for polio patients
who are trying to regain the use of their
muscles Chapter 2
What bit Peg on the cheek because she
couldn't swat it? a mosquito Chapter 2
What is spinal polio? most common--paralysis in arms and legs Chapter 2
What is respiratory polio? difficulty breathing Chapter 2
What is bulbar polio?
most serious, most rare--impairs ability to
talk or swallow Chapter 2
What did they put Peg inside of so she
could breathe easier? An oxygen tent
chapter
3
How does an iron lung work?
Bellows pump air in and out of patient's
lungs chapter 3
How much older was Peg's brother, Art,
than she was? six chapter 3
What were Peg's two favorite dolls? Raggedy Ann and Marilyn chapter 3
What present did Art buy for Peg? a teddy bear chapter 3
Where did Art go to college? Carleton College chapter 3
How often did the nurse tell Peg she
could be turned in her bed? Every 30 minutes chapter 3
Why did Peg want to be turned so bad? her legs hurt chapter 3
Because of her fever, it was very
important for Peg to do what? drink lots of liquid chapter 3
What liquid was NOT allowed for bulbar
polio patients to drink? milk chapter 3
Why weren't bulbar polio patients
supposed to drink milk?
Milk creates phlegm (mucus) in the throat
and could make them choke chapter 3
What were bulbar polio patients not
supposed to eat? ice cream chapter 3
What was the only think Peg could eat or
drink and that finally made her
temperature drop? a chocolate milkshake chapter 3
How did Peg get the chocolate
milkshake? Her parents brought it into the hospital chapter 3
Who was Peg's favorite doctor at the
University Hospital? Dr. Bevis
chapter
4
What color hair did Dr. Bevis have? blonde chapter 4
What did they do with all Peg's
possessions she had in her first hospital
room? burned them so the virus wouldn't spread chapter 4
What did they do with the beds after
polio patients moved? sterilized them chapter 4
Who was Peg's first roommate in the
hospital? Tommy chapter 4
How old was Tommy? eight chapter 4
What was Peg embarrassed to do with a
boy in the room? Go to the bathroom in a bedpan chapter 4
What did Peg tell Dr. Bevis was the
worst thing about being paralyzed? Not being able to paint her toenails
chapter
5
What did Dr. Bevis do to Peg's toes? Painted them bright red chapter 5
What was the promise Peg made to Dr.
Bevis? She would come back and walk for him chapter 5
What knock knock joke did Peg make up
with the name 'Wendy'?`
Wendy toenails are painted, de patient
gets well chapter 5
What was Peg's favorite TV program? Lone Ranger chapter 5
How were Peg and Tommy able to listen
to the Lone Ranger? They brought in a small portable radio chapter 5
What time did The Lone Ranger come on
TV? six-thirty chapter 5
What was the call the Lone Ranger made
to his horse? Hi-yo Silver! Awaay! chapter 5
Who was the Lone Ranger's companion? Tonto chapter 5
What did Tommy call Peg? Kemo Sabe chapter 5
What does Kemo Sabe mean? faithful friend chapter 5
What were the medical treatments that
first helped polio patients? Sister Kenny treatments
chapter
6
Who was Sister Kenny?
An Australian nurse who started the
treatments of hot packs and then
stretching exercises to stretch muscles
back to normal chapter 6
What happens to polio patients' muscles
in the acute stage of polio, when they
have a fever? Muscle spasms tighten the muscles chapter 6
What is it called when patients do
exercises? physical therapy chapter 6
What did Mrs. Crab call Peg's first
physical therapist? Mrs. Crab chapter 6
What did Peg call physical therapy time? Torture Time chapter 6
How tall was Peg at the age of twelve? five foot eight chapter 6
What were the only movies Peg had ever
seen by the time she was twelve? Bambi and half of Snow White chapter 6
Why hadn't Peg seen all of Snow White?
She was afraid of the witch and they had
to leave chapter 6
When was the only other time Peg had
been away from her parents overnight? when she got her tonsils out chapter 6
Who watched Peg when they needed a
babysitter at home? Her grandpa chapter 6
How tall was Peg's school in Austin? three stories chapter 6
What did Peg want to be when she grew
up? Either a veterinarian or a writer chapter 6
How did Dr. Bevis convince Peg to do the
exercises?
He said if she did them, she would walk
again, but if she didn't, she probably
wouldn't chapter 6
What exciting thing happened to Peg on
October 1st? She scratched an itch
chapter
7
How long had Peg been paralyzed before
she was able to move a little? three weeks chapter 7
What could Peg do now that she was able
to have her bed cranked up to sitting
position? read books chapter 7
Why did Peg have to keep her feet flat
against a board at the foot of her bed?
To keep them from drooping forward
permanently (dropfoot) chapter 7
What happens to muscles if a nerve
center is destroyed?
The muscles controlled by that center are
paralyzed forever chapter 7
How did Peg get polio when she never
knew anyone with polio?
Many people had polio with very mild
symptoms, so they never knew they had it. chapter 7
How did BJ sign his get well card to Peg? a muddly paw print chapter 7
What did Peg's friend Karen want to do
at school?
Change the rules so girls could wear pants
to school chapter 7
What musical instrument did Peg play? piano chapter 7
What game did Peg play with Richard? Monopoly chapter 7
Why did Peg have to leave University
Hospital and go back to Sheltering
Arms?
University Hospital only treated acute
cases chapter 8
What did Peg leave for Tommy when she
left for Sheltering Arms? Her radio chapter 8
Why hadn't anyone visited Tommy? His family lived hundreds of miles away chapter 8
What room at Sheltering Arms did Peg
move into? Room 202 chapter 8
How many roommates did Peg have at
Sheltering Arms? four girls chapter 8
How old were Dorothy and Shirley? fourteen chapter 8
Why did Shirley have a double problem?
She had been born with arms that only
straightened halfway chapter 8
How old was Renee? twelve chapter 8
What had all Peg's roommates
experienced that she never had to? Been in an iron lung chapter 8
How old was Alice? thirteen chapter 8
How old was Alice when she first came to
Sheltering Arms? three chapter 8
What condition did Alice have with her
feet?
dropfoot -- her toes pointed permanently
down chapter 8
Why didn't Alice's parents want her?
They didn't want to take care of a
crippled child chapter 8
What happened to Alice when her
parents abandoned her?
She became a ward of the state and lived
permanently at Sheltering Arms chapter 8
What kind of home did Dorothy have
with her parents? A farm chapter 8
What did Peg's father do for a living? Sold meat for the Hormel Company chapter 8
What did Peg's mother do? She was a homemaker chapter 8
What did Peg's grandpa do for a living? Worked in a print shop, setting type chapter 8
Who was Peg's physical therapist at
Sheltering Arms? Miss Ballard chapter 8
What was the big difference between
Mrs. Crab and Miss Ballard?
Miss Ballard was careful not to cause real
pain during physical therapy chapter 9
What did Peg name her wheelchair? Silver chapter 9
What was the name of the Lone Ranger's
horse? Silver chapter 9
How often were visitors allowed at
Sheltering Arms? twice a week chapter 9
When were visiting hours at Sheltering
Arms?
Wednesday evenings and Sundays from
noon until four chapter 9
How long did it take to drive from Austin
to Sheltering Arms in Minneapolis? two hours chapter 9
What snack did Peg's parents bring on
their first visit that made all the girls
excited? potato chips chapter 9
What did the Usems get? A new car chapter 9
What did Mrs. Meany do? Opened an antiques shop chapter 9
What was Steve Gentle doing? Taking piano lessons chapter 9
How many times had Shirley's parents
come to visit her? twice in seven months chapter 9
How often did Dorothy's parents try to
come visit? Once a month chapter 9
What happened when Alice's brother
visited her?
He saw how ugly she was and never came
back chapter 9
What comic books did Renee ask for
Peg's parents to bring her? Little Lulu or Archie and Veronica chapter 9
What did Shirley ask Peg's parents to
bring for her? a bag of marshmallows chapter 9
What did Dorothy ask for Peg's parents
to bring for her? licorice chapter 9
What did Peg's parents bring for Alice? pink lipstick chapter 9
How old was Art? eighteen chapter 9
What had a sorority group elected Art? Campus Dreamboat chapter 9
Who gave Dorothy a bag of licorice? Art chapter 9
What was Peg's one birthday wish? To walk again
chapter
10
What did Dorothy and Renee give to Peg
for her birthday?
a bead bracelet they had made in
occupational therapy class
chapter
10
What did Alice give to Peg on her
birthday? A card she had made chapter 10
What were the names of the nurses at
Sheltering Arms? Willie and Terry chapter 10
What did Miss Ballard switch Peg to
instead of hot packs? hot baths chapter 10
What did they do in OT (occupational
therapy) room?
crafts and projects to strengthen their
muscles chapter 10
What was the name of the occupational
therapist? Jeanette chapter 10
What task did Jeanette give Peg to do? pick up marbles with her toes chapter 10
What did Peg make in OT? a coin purse chapter 10
What did Peg do right before
Thanksgiving? Stood up by herself
chapter
11
What did Peg want to do in Hawaii? The hula chapter 11
What is a hula?
A Hawaiian dance where dancers in grass
skirts sway their hips to music chapter 11
How are walking sticks different from
crutches?
They end below the elbow and have rings
of metal circles at the top chapter 11
Why did it take so long for the walking
sticks to arrive?
They had to be specially made to the right
height for each patient chapter 11
Why was using walking sticks helpful? It helped strengthen leg muscles chapter 11
Where were the walking sticks made? Canada chapter 11
What did Peg start doing every day once
she was able to get from the bed to the
wheelchair by herself? Read to the little kids chapter 11
What was Peg's favorite thing to do in
her wheelchair? pop wheelies chapter 11
What did Peg call the place under her
bed? a supermarket chapter 11
How was Peg able to reach and pull out
cookie containers from under her bed?
With the back scratcher Grandpa had
given her chapter 11
How did Miss Ballard describe Peg to Dr.
Bevis? An exemplary patient and very brave chapter 11
How long was Dorothy sick before her
parents could get her to the doctor when
she started having polio symptoms? Three days
chapter
12
Why weren't Renee and Shirley able to
start Kenny Treatments as quickly as
Peg? They had to be in an iron lung chapter 12
Why didn't Alice get Kenny treatments? They hadn't been used at all yet chapter 12
Who did Shirley miss?
Her Grandma who used to sing her to
sleep when she was little chapter 12
What kind of voice did Alice have? clear, strong, soprano chapter 12
How did Alice know so many songs?
She listened to the radio a lot for
entertainment chapter 12
What did Peg's parents ask for in
December?
Permission to take Peg home for an
overnight visit chapter 12
What kind of car did Peg's parents
drive? A green Oldsmobile chapter 12
Why couldn't Peg stay upright in the
back seat of the car?
Seatbelts hadn't been used yet in
passenger cars chapter 12
Why was it difficult for Peg to get into
her house through the front door? There were two steps in front chapter 12
What did Peg's mom make for dinner on
the night she came home to visit?
macaroni and cheese, green beans,
Waldorf salad, and cream puffs for
dessert chapter 12
What did Peg always ask for on
birthdays or special occasions to eat for
dessert? cream puffs chapter 12
What embarrassed Peg when she visited
home?
Needing help to get out of her wheelchair
and onto the toilet chapter 12
Where did Peg sleep when she visited
home? On a cot in the living room chapter 12
What did Peg discover when she tried to
play piano when she visited hom?
Her foot could not long work the sustain
pedal chapter 12
What kind of instrument did Peg have to
learn to play in Occupational Therapy? an accordion chapter 13
Why did Peg hate the accordion?
It was heavy and awkward, and pushing it
in and out made her arms ache chapter 13
Why didn't Peg's dad use sheet music
when he played piano? He played by ear chapter 13
What did Peg's dad learn to play on the
accordion? Beer Barrel Polka chapter 13
How did Peg's dad learn to play Beer
Barrel Polka on the accordion so well so
fast?
He rented one from the music store and
practiced til midnight every night chapter 13
Why couldn't Shirley sit up for more
than an hour at a time? She had a weak back chapter 13
Who was the teacher at Sheltering
Arms? Mrs. West chapter 13
What did Peg love at school at
Sheltering Arms that helped her write?
a desk that attached to the arms of the
wheelchair chapter 13
What adult books did Peg read that the
librarian at the Minneapolis Public
Library brought?
The Hunchback of Notre Dame, War and
Peace, the Scarlet Letter chapter 13
How did Peg stay up with her classmates
at her regular school?
Her mom brought textbooks and weekly
assignments for her to do chapter 13
Why did Peg work so hard to teach
herself history and math?
She didn't want to be a grade behind her
friends chapter 13
Why was Sister Kenny called 'sister' if
she wasn't a Catholic Nun?
Sister is an Australian military term,
equivalent to first lieutenant in the US
Army chapter 13
In what war was Elizabeth Kenny
commissioned 'sister'? World War I chapter 13
How did Sister Kenny develop her
treatments?
In 1903 she put hot pieces of wet fabric
on a sick child to relieve her muscle
spasms chapter 13
Why did Sister Kenny know so much
about muscles?
Her brother's muscles were weak when he
was a child chapter 13
What was polio originally called? infantile paralysis chapter 13
What report did the Australian medical
officials publish in 1938 about Sister
Kenny's methods? That they were mistaken and unnecessary chapter 13
What did Sister Kenny do in 1940?
Left Australia and moved to Minnesota in
the United States chapter 13
What happened to Sister Kenny in
December, 1942?
The Sister Kenny Institute, a place where
they taught her theories and methods,
was dedicated in Minneapolis chapter 13
What did they do with polio patients
before Sister Kenny's treatments?
Put them in splints and casts to keep their
arms and legs straight chapter 13
What is the name of the cramp people
sometimes get in their legs? charley horse chapter 13
What happened to people's muscles
after they were in casts for a long time?
Their muscles withered (got weak) from
not being used chapter 13
How many steps did Peg take on the first
day of learning to use the walking sticks? ten
chapter
14
What did Peg give up after two weeks of
using the walking sticks? Silver -- her wheelchair chapter 14
What kind of songs made Peg feel lonely? Christmas carols chapter 15
What two groups came to Sheltering
Arms during Christmas time with clowns,
music, treats, and magicians? The Shriners and the Aqua Jesters chapter 15
What did Peg beg to do for Christmas?
Go home for two days - Christmas Eve and
Christmas Day chapter 15
What part did Peg play in the Christmas
play? Mary chapter 15
Who played Joseph in the Christmas
play? Kenny chapter 15
Who was the youngest actor in the
Christmas play? A 4 month old boy playing Jesus chapter 15
What did Alice do in the Christmas play? Sang a solo of Silent Night chapter 15
What was Peg's cue word to come out on
the stage during in the Christmas play? taxed chapter 15
What kind of shoes did Peg have to wear
to support her feet? saddle shoes chapter 15
Why did Peg need to try to walk on stage
as Mary without her sticks? There wasn't room to walk with them chapter 15
Who made a decree that all the world
should be taxed? Caesar Augustus chapter 15
What did Dorothy play int he Christmas
play? an angel
chapter
16
What did they use for gifts the wise
men brought for Jesus in the Christmas
play? decorated jewelry boxes chapter 16
How was Peg able to get upstairs to her
room when she visited home during
Christmas?
Art and her dad made a chair out of their
hands to carry her up and down chapter 16
Who else got Christmas passes to visit
home? Dorothy and Renee chapter 16
Who stayed at Sheltering Arms during
Christmas? Alice and Shirley chapter 16
Why couldn't Dorothy go home for
Christmas? She got pneumonia chapter 16
What did Peg's dad want to do with BJ
because he kept wanting to jump on Peg? Put him in the basement chapter 16
What was Peg disappointed about when
she got home?
They redecorated her room--it didn't feel
familiar and comfortable to her chapter 16
What did Dorothy get for Christmas?
A watch and a dress from her great aunt
in Montana chapter 16
What exciting news did Alice have about
her Christmas? Her uncle came to visit her chapter 16
What was 'Clutch'? The hospital newspaper chapter 16
What did Peg's mom want to do with her
toys and books? Donate them to the kids in the hospital chapter 16
Which dolls was Peg unwilling to donate
to the hospital?
her Raggedy dolls, Marilyn, and her Story
Book dolls chapter 16
Which books was Peg unwilling to donate? her Raggedy Ann books chapter 16
What book did Peg see a boy reading
that she wanted to grab from him? Donkey, Donkey chapter 16
What book did Miss Ballard put on Peg's
head?
The Birds of North America bird
identification book chapter 17
Why did Miss Ballard put a book on Peg's
head?
To teach her to stand straight by
balancing it chapter 17
What was the only fashion show Peg had
ever attended?
The mother daughter event at the
Methodist church chapter 17
What did Peg get to do in February? Go home for good chapter 17
What did the girls in room 202 tell Peg
they would miss when she went home? Her parents and her food chapter 17
Why did Peg have to go to University
Hospital before she went home for good? To walk for him chapter 17
What present did Peg's mom buy for Dr.
Bevis? A tie chapter 17
What did Peg do every morning once she
moved back home? exercised
chapter
18
What activity did Peg continue to do
order to strengthen her feet and leg
muscles? pick up marbles with her toes chapter 18
Why was it harder to walk with sticks at
home than at the hospital?
There was furniture and less room to
maneuver chapter 18
What did Peg's want to hear about when
they visited her? What it was like to have polio chapter 18
Why did Peg stop listening to the Lone
Ranger when she returned home?
Tonto and Silver belonged to a different
part of her life chapter 18
How was Dorothy able to move back
home even thought she wasn't able to
use braces?
Her brothers built her a ramp so she
could get in and out of the house with her
wheelchair chapter 18
Why did Peg feel safe and comfortable
with her friends at Sheltering Arms, and
sometimes want to go back?
Everyone there understood what it was
like to have polio chapter 18
What was Peg's first period class? English chapter 18
How did Peg sing differently in chorus
when she came back from Sheltering
Arms?
Her voice had improved, but she used her
stomach muscles rather than her
diaphragm chapter 18
How many months had Peg been gone
from home? seven chapter 18
How long did it take after she got home
for Peg to be able to walk without
sticks? one year
What did Peg do after graduating from
Austin High School? Wnet to the University of Minnesota
Who did Peg marry? Carl Kehret
What was Peg's maiden name? Schulze
What were Peg and Carl's kids' names? Anne and Bob
What does Peg Kehret like writing best? Books for young people
What does Peg still care a lot about and
include in her books a lot? animal welfare
What pets did Peg and Carl take with
them around the US in a motor home?
two cats (Pete and Molly) and a dog
(Daisy)
How many children, grandchildren, and
great grandchildren did Dorothy end up
with?
seven children, 18 grandchildren, 8 greatgrandchildren
What did Dorothy do until she retired?
Senior receptionist at the Courage Center
in Minneapolis - a rehab center for people
with physical disabilities
What did Renee write after she
graduated high school?
A weekly column in the local newspaper
and a history of her church
What did Alice do after she graduated
from high school?
Moved to a home for adults with
disabilities and was secretary for the
United Handicapped Federation in St.
Paul, Minnesota. She also sang in a church
choire
Which sibling did Alice reconnect with
and visit with until she died of cancer in
1993? Her brother
What happened to Shirley?
She died in 1955, five years after Peg left
Sheltering Arms
Where did Peg's brother, Art, graduate
from college?
Carleton College, and Harvard Business
School
Where did Art work as executive vice
president? General Mills
How many children and grandchildren did
Art have? four children, seven grandchildren
Why didn't Peg visit Tommy when she
went to University Hospital to see Dr.
Bevis?
It wasn't visiting hours, and they were
strictly envorded
How was Peg able to find Dr. Bevis years
later?
A school librarian who read her book gave
birth to a premature baby and he was her
doctor. She told Peg where the hospital
was and she found his phone number
What kind of doctor did Dr. Bevis
become after he worked with polio
patients at the Sister Kenny Institute in
Minneapolis? a pediatrician
What was Miss Ballard's first name? Althea
What stuffed animal did Patricia of
Schenectady, New York have when she
was a freshman in college? A monkey named Jojo
What did they do with Jojo so Patricia
could keep him?
Cut his head off and washed it with
alcohol to steralize it. They burned his
blue and yellow body.
What kind of running race was polio
compared to? a marathon
Who invented the first polio vaccine? Dr. Jonas Salk
Who continued work on polio vaccines
and developed an oral one? Dr. Sabin
What did Jo Auchterlonie, a 5th grade
teacher in Wichita Kansas, do with her
students after they read Small Steps?
Had them spend half a day in a wheelchair
so they could feel what it would be like
What PBS special about polio was shown
in 1998? A Paralyzing Fear
What started happening to Peg 40 years
after she first had polio symptoms?
Muscle aches, foot cramps, back pain,
fatigue, and weakness in her arms and legs
returned----Post Polio Syndrome
What do many form polio patients have
to do when they get old?
Return to walking sticks, braces, and
wheelchairs
What does Peg's cane that she uses to
walk have on it? cat faces
Why doesn't Peg give school talks any
more? Because of fatigue and muscle pain
When Carl, Peg's husband, died in 2004,
how many years had they been married? forty-eight
What is Peg Kehret's hobbies?
READING, pumping her player piano,
browsing in antique shops
Where does Peg Kehret live now?
in a log house on 10 acres of forest near
Mount Ranier National Park in Washington
state.
How many grandchildren does Peg have? four
What kinds of animals live on Peg's
wildlife sanctuary? deer, elk, rabbits, and birds
What does Peg's son, Bob, do for a
career?
High school teacher and volleyball and
track coach
What does Peg's daugther, Anne, do for
a career? Gymnastics coach and Girl Scout leader
Who are Brett, Chelsea, Eric, and Mark? Peg's grandchildren
What is Peg most proud of in regard to
her book, Small Steps?
Many children say they appreciate their
own good health and loving families more
than they used to
What city was hardest hit in 1916 when
the first major US polio epidemic
occured? New York City
What did some communities do when
families with children fled New York
City?
Tried to keep them out because they
feared their own children would get sick
What United States president got polio
in 1921 and had to use a wheelchair? President Franklin D. Roosevelt
What is Hilltop Cottage?
The home President Roosevelt built in
Hyde Park, New York for his retirement
What was President Roosevelt's dog's
name? Fala
Who was Ruthie Bi?
The daugher of Hilltop Cottage's
caretakers.
Who was Ethel Bailey? Dr. Jonas Salk's research assistant
Where was Dr. Jonas Salk's laboratory
where he developed the polio vaccine?
The University of Pittsburgh, in
Pennsylvania
What kind of polio vaccine was Salk's? a killed-virus polio vaccine
Who funded Dr. Jonas Salk's research? The March of Dimes
What did 1.8 million children do in 1984? Took part in trials of the Salk vaccine
What were the children called who first
tested the Salk polio vaccine? Polio Pioneers
Who led the trials of the first polio
vaccine?
Dr. Thomas Francis, Jr. of the University
of Michigan
What did all the Polio Pioneer kids get
after they tested the vaccine? A tin button
When was the Salk vaccine pronounced
safe and effective? 4/12/1955
What kind of polio vaccine did Dr. Albert
Sabin develop? a live-virus vaccine
Where was Dr. Albert Sabin's
laboratory? at the Univesrity of Cinncinnati
What vaccine replaced the Salk polio
vaccine in 1962? Sabin's live-virus vaccine.
Why did Peg's mom destroy all the
pohots of her in her wheelchair or with
walking sticks?
She didn't want to remember that part of
her life.
What kind of necklace does Peg Kehret
own?
An award necklace with a charm for every
one of the 25 states where she's won the
Young Reader Award.
What stamp did the US Postal Service
issue in 1957?
A 3 cent stamp honoring those who helped
fight polio
What stamp was issued in 1999?
A 33 cent stamp entitled, "Polio Vaccine
Developed"
What stamps were issued in 2006?
63 cent stamps honoring Dr. Salk and Dr.
Sabin
What does a stone carving made around
1500 BCE show?
A man named Ruma, a gatekeeper, at an
Egyptian temple, leaning on a staff. He has
dropfoot.
In what year was the first clinical
description written about polio? 1789 by a British physician
What diseases got more attention than
polio until the big epidemic? diphtheria and smallpox
Why did a German doctor call polio
'infantile paralysis' in 1840? Victims were often children
Where was the first recorded polio
epidemic in the late 1800's? Scandinavia
Where were 44 cases of polio reported
in the United States in 1894? Vermont
How many cases of polio were reported
in the United States in 1916? twenty seven thousand
How many deaths were reported in 1916
from polio? six thousand
What is polio caused by? A virus
How were babies protected even when
they were infected?
They were still protected by their
mother's antibodies and their immune
systems were stimulated, so their
symptoms were mild and they developed
lifelong protection against polio
What are antibodies?
substanced produced by the body's
immune system that destroy bacteria and
viruses.
Why did children get polio more once
sanitation improved?
They were exposed when they were older,
so they didn't have their mother's
antibodies
What did they capture and kill in New
York City in 1916? 72 thousand stray cats
Why did some people only let their
children play outside at night, in the
dark?
They thought sunshine made children
more vulnerable to polio
What part of the body does the
poliovirus attack? Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord
How old was Franklin Delano Roosevelt
when he was diagnosed with polio in
1921? thirty-nine
o
Where did President Roosevelt go for
rehabilitation? Warm Springs, a spa in Georgia
What exercise made President Roosevelt
stronger? swimming
What did Franlklin Roosevelt and his
partner, Basil O'Connor do in 1926?
Bought WArm Springs spa and made it
into a nonprofit foundation for polio
survivors
What did Franklin Roosevelt do in 1928? Ran for governor of New York
How many terms did Roosevelt serve as
President of the United States? four
What great things did Roosevelt do as
president?
Led the United States to victory in World
War II and out of the Great Depression
Why didn't Roosevelt lik photographs of
him in his wheelchair?
People thought disabled people were weak
and unable to contribute to society
What did Roosevelt use when he gave
speeches? high-high leg braces and a can
What did Warm Springs Foundation do
to raise money?
Held Birthday Balls in eight cities on
Roosevelts birthday, January 30, 1934
What foundation did President Roosevelt
establish in 1938?
The National Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis
Who coined the phrase, March of Dimes? Eddie Cantor, an entertainer
What did Eddie Cantor encourage people
to do? Send bags of dimes to the White House
Who starred in the movie, Sister Kenny,
in 1946? Rosalind Russel
What did a group of women in Phoenix
Arizona organize in 1950? A Mother's March on Polio
What did they tell people to do if they
wanted to contribute money to fight
polio during the Mother's March in
Phoenix? Turn on their porch light at 7 o'clock
How much money did they raise during
the first national Mother's March on
Polio? $45,000
What did Peg Kehret and her mom do, a
year after she came home from the
hospital?
Marched in the Mother's March to collect
money for polio research
What was the worst year for polio, with
57,879 cases? 1952
How does the poliovirus get into a
person's body?
Through the mouth, into the digestive
system, then to the bloodstream, and
finally to the nervous system
What is the principal of immunization?
Inject a small amount of a disease to
stimulate the body's immune system to
produce antibodies to fight it. Create
enough antibodies without creating a
severe form of the disease.
What did they test the polio vaccine on
first, before people? monkeys
What did three scientists in Boston
discover how to do with the poliovirus?
Grow it in test tubes instead of live
monkeys so they could make enough
vaccine
Who were John F. Enders, Frederick C.
Robbins, and Thomas H. Weller?
The scientists who invented growing
poliovirus in test tubes, and the winners
of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Medicine
What did Dr. Jonas Salk do with this
polio vaccine that showed how confident
he was of its safety and effectiveness?
Injected himself, his wife, and his three
sons before he gave it to the public
When did President Franklin Delano
Roosevelt die? 4/12/1945
When did they do the field trial for the
polio vaccine? spring and summer of 1954
By how many years did Peg miss the polio
vaccine? six years
What did Jonas Salk say when people
asked him who owned the patent on his
vaccine?
"There is no patent. Could you patent the
sun?"
Within two years of Salk's polio vaccine,
polio cases in the United States
droppped by what percent? 80%
When was Dr. Sabin's live-virus oral
vaccine ready to test?
1959, five years after Dr. Salk's
successful trial
Where was Sabin's vaccine trial held? Russia
How many in Russia were vaccinated with
Sabin's vaccine? 10 million
Why was Salk's injected killed virus
vaccine replaced with Sabin's oral, livevirus
vaccine in 1962? It was cheaper and easier to administer
What did both Salk and Sabin NOT do
which showed how good they were?
They didn't patent their vaccine. They
made it available for the public good.
When was the last case of naturally
occuring poio in the United States? 1979
Why did the US start using Salk's
injected inactivated virus vaccine again
in 2000?
In 1998 a group of parents whose children
contracted poilo by GETTING the vaccine
and not being strong enough to produce
antibodies petitioned the Centers for
Disease Control to stop the use of the live
virus
What is the CDC (Center for Disease
Control)?
A government agency responsible for
preventing infectious and chronic diseases
What did Rotary International, a service
organization, do in 1985?
Made worldwide eradication of polio its
top goal and raised millions of dollars to
buy vaccine and distribute it all over the
world
What four organizations now work
together to eradicate polio?
1) Rotary International, 2) World
Health Organization 3) United Nations
International Children's Emergency Fund
4) Centers for Disease Control
Where did they vaccinate 150 million
children in one day in 2001? India
Where were 90% of the polio cases
reported in 2005? Nigeria, India, and Pakistan
Why is it hard to distribute and
admininster the polio vaccine around the
world?
It has to be kept cold and some areas of
the world don't have refrigeration
Year I Got Polio"? Peg Kehret cover
What did Peg know about polio before
she got it?
It killed or crippled thousands of people,
mainly children, each year.
Chapter
1
How many cases of polio were reported
in the US in 1949? 42,033 Chapter 1
How old was Peg Schulze when she got
polio? twelve Chapter 1
Where did Peg live when she got polio? Austin, Minnesota Chapter 1
In what month did Peg start having
symptoms of polio? September Chapter 1
What did Peg not want to miss on the the
day she started having symptoms? The Homecoming Parade Chapter 1
What time did the Homecoming Parade
start? 4:00 PM Chapter 1
What grade was Peg in when she got
polio? 7th Chapter 1
What was Peg's last class before lunch? chorus Chapter 1
What song was Peg's chorus practicing
for the Homecoming parade?
The lyrics on the inscription on the Statue
of Liberty Chapter 1
What was the first symptom Peg felt of
polio? A twitching muscle in her left thigh Chapter 1
What happened when Peg walked toward
her locker? She collapsed--her legs gave out. Chapter 1
How many blocks did Peg have to walk
home? twelve Chapter 1
What other symptoms did Peg have? Sore throat, headache, hurting back, tired Chapter 1
What was Peg's temperature when her
mom took it? 102 Chapter 1
What was Peg's family doctor's name--
the one who ordered a spinal tap on her? Dr. Wright Chapter 1
What is supposed to happen when a
doctor hits your knee with a rubber
mallet? You leg is supposed to jerk (reflexes) Chapter 1
Where was the special hospital for polio
patients? Minneapolis Chapter 1
What magazine had Peg seen with
pictures of polio patients? Life Magazine Chapter 1
What organization raised money each
year to help polio patients and fund
research? The March of Dimes Chapter 1
When did polio epidemics usually happen
during the year? warm weather Chapter 1
To avoid contracting polio, what did
parents do with their children?
Kept them out of swimming pools and
crowded public places Chapter 1
How far was the special hospital from
Peg's home? one hundred miles Chapter 1
Who was BJ? Peg's dog Chapter 1
What prize did the 7th grade float win? second prize Chapter 1
What did Peg's grandpa do when she left
for the hospital that she had never seen
him do? cry Chapter 1
What was the name of the special
hospital in Minneapolis? Sheltering Arms Hospital Chapter 1
When Peg woke up on her first morning
at Sheltering Arms, what did she
discover? She was paralyzed from the neck down. Chapter 1
Chapter
2
What did Peg want to get, but couldn't
reach for, on the first morning at
Sheltering Arms? a glass of ice water Chapter 2
What is 'intercostal expansion'?
The muscles that expand the ribcage
when you breath Chapter 2
What was Peg's official diagnosis the
first day at Sheltering Arms Acute anterior poliomyelitis Chapter 2
Why were no visitors allowed in to see
Peg? They couldn't risk spreading the disease Chapter 2
After two days, what other symptoms
did Peg have, in addition to being
paralyzed? It was harder to breathe or swallow Chapter 2
What was another name for the
respirators people with polio were put
into to help them breathe? iron lung Chapter 2
What was the other hospital called--the
one with the iron lungs? University of Minnesota Hospital Chapter 2
How many kinds of polio did Peg have? three Chapter 2
What kind of hospital was Sheltering
Arms?
A rehabilitation center for polio patients
who are trying to regain the use of their
muscles Chapter 2
What bit Peg on the cheek because she
couldn't swat it? a mosquito Chapter 2
What is spinal polio? most common--paralysis in arms and legs Chapter 2
What is respiratory polio? difficulty breathing Chapter 2
What is bulbar polio?
most serious, most rare--impairs ability to
talk or swallow Chapter 2
What did they put Peg inside of so she
could breathe easier? An oxygen tent
chapter
3
How does an iron lung work?
Bellows pump air in and out of patient's
lungs chapter 3
How much older was Peg's brother, Art,
than she was? six chapter 3
What were Peg's two favorite dolls? Raggedy Ann and Marilyn chapter 3
What present did Art buy for Peg? a teddy bear chapter 3
Where did Art go to college? Carleton College chapter 3
How often did the nurse tell Peg she
could be turned in her bed? Every 30 minutes chapter 3
Why did Peg want to be turned so bad? her legs hurt chapter 3
Because of her fever, it was very
important for Peg to do what? drink lots of liquid chapter 3
What liquid was NOT allowed for bulbar
polio patients to drink? milk chapter 3
Why weren't bulbar polio patients
supposed to drink milk?
Milk creates phlegm (mucus) in the throat
and could make them choke chapter 3
What were bulbar polio patients not
supposed to eat? ice cream chapter 3
What was the only think Peg could eat or
drink and that finally made her
temperature drop? a chocolate milkshake chapter 3
How did Peg get the chocolate
milkshake? Her parents brought it into the hospital chapter 3
Who was Peg's favorite doctor at the
University Hospital? Dr. Bevis
chapter
4
What color hair did Dr. Bevis have? blonde chapter 4
What did they do with all Peg's
possessions she had in her first hospital
room? burned them so the virus wouldn't spread chapter 4
What did they do with the beds after
polio patients moved? sterilized them chapter 4
Who was Peg's first roommate in the
hospital? Tommy chapter 4
How old was Tommy? eight chapter 4
What was Peg embarrassed to do with a
boy in the room? Go to the bathroom in a bedpan chapter 4
What did Peg tell Dr. Bevis was the
worst thing about being paralyzed? Not being able to paint her toenails
chapter
5
What did Dr. Bevis do to Peg's toes? Painted them bright red chapter 5
What was the promise Peg made to Dr.
Bevis? She would come back and walk for him chapter 5
What knock knock joke did Peg make up
with the name 'Wendy'?`
Wendy toenails are painted, de patient
gets well chapter 5
What was Peg's favorite TV program? Lone Ranger chapter 5
How were Peg and Tommy able to listen
to the Lone Ranger? They brought in a small portable radio chapter 5
What time did The Lone Ranger come on
TV? six-thirty chapter 5
What was the call the Lone Ranger made
to his horse? Hi-yo Silver! Awaay! chapter 5
Who was the Lone Ranger's companion? Tonto chapter 5
What did Tommy call Peg? Kemo Sabe chapter 5
What does Kemo Sabe mean? faithful friend chapter 5
What were the medical treatments that
first helped polio patients? Sister Kenny treatments
chapter
6
Who was Sister Kenny?
An Australian nurse who started the
treatments of hot packs and then
stretching exercises to stretch muscles
back to normal chapter 6
What happens to polio patients' muscles
in the acute stage of polio, when they
have a fever? Muscle spasms tighten the muscles chapter 6
What is it called when patients do
exercises? physical therapy chapter 6
What did Mrs. Crab call Peg's first
physical therapist? Mrs. Crab chapter 6
What did Peg call physical therapy time? Torture Time chapter 6
How tall was Peg at the age of twelve? five foot eight chapter 6
What were the only movies Peg had ever
seen by the time she was twelve? Bambi and half of Snow White chapter 6
Why hadn't Peg seen all of Snow White?
She was afraid of the witch and they had
to leave chapter 6
When was the only other time Peg had
been away from her parents overnight? when she got her tonsils out chapter 6
Who watched Peg when they needed a
babysitter at home? Her grandpa chapter 6
How tall was Peg's school in Austin? three stories chapter 6
What did Peg want to be when she grew
up? Either a veterinarian or a writer chapter 6
How did Dr. Bevis convince Peg to do the
exercises?
He said if she did them, she would walk
again, but if she didn't, she probably
wouldn't chapter 6
What exciting thing happened to Peg on
October 1st? She scratched an itch
chapter
7
How long had Peg been paralyzed before
she was able to move a little? three weeks chapter 7
What could Peg do now that she was able
to have her bed cranked up to sitting
position? read books chapter 7
Why did Peg have to keep her feet flat
against a board at the foot of her bed?
To keep them from drooping forward
permanently (dropfoot) chapter 7
What happens to muscles if a nerve
center is destroyed?
The muscles controlled by that center are
paralyzed forever chapter 7
How did Peg get polio when she never
knew anyone with polio?
Many people had polio with very mild
symptoms, so they never knew they had it. chapter 7
How did BJ sign his get well card to Peg? a muddly paw print chapter 7
What did Peg's friend Karen want to do
at school?
Change the rules so girls could wear pants
to school chapter 7
What musical instrument did Peg play? piano chapter 7
What game did Peg play with Richard? Monopoly chapter 7
Why did Peg have to leave University
Hospital and go back to Sheltering
Arms?
University Hospital only treated acute
cases chapter 8
What did Peg leave for Tommy when she
left for Sheltering Arms? Her radio chapter 8
Why hadn't anyone visited Tommy? His family lived hundreds of miles away chapter 8
What room at Sheltering Arms did Peg
move into? Room 202 chapter 8
How many roommates did Peg have at
Sheltering Arms? four girls chapter 8
How old were Dorothy and Shirley? fourteen chapter 8
Why did Shirley have a double problem?
She had been born with arms that only
straightened halfway chapter 8
How old was Renee? twelve chapter 8
What had all Peg's roommates
experienced that she never had to? Been in an iron lung chapter 8
How old was Alice? thirteen chapter 8
How old was Alice when she first came to
Sheltering Arms? three chapter 8
What condition did Alice have with her
feet?
dropfoot -- her toes pointed permanently
down chapter 8
Why didn't Alice's parents want her?
They didn't want to take care of a
crippled child chapter 8
What happened to Alice when her
parents abandoned her?
She became a ward of the state and lived
permanently at Sheltering Arms chapter 8
What kind of home did Dorothy have
with her parents? A farm chapter 8
What did Peg's father do for a living? Sold meat for the Hormel Company chapter 8
What did Peg's mother do? She was a homemaker chapter 8
What did Peg's grandpa do for a living? Worked in a print shop, setting type chapter 8
Who was Peg's physical therapist at
Sheltering Arms? Miss Ballard chapter 8
What was the big difference between
Mrs. Crab and Miss Ballard?
Miss Ballard was careful not to cause real
pain during physical therapy chapter 9
What did Peg name her wheelchair? Silver chapter 9
What was the name of the Lone Ranger's
horse? Silver chapter 9
How often were visitors allowed at
Sheltering Arms? twice a week chapter 9
When were visiting hours at Sheltering
Arms?
Wednesday evenings and Sundays from
noon until four chapter 9
How long did it take to drive from Austin
to Sheltering Arms in Minneapolis? two hours chapter 9
What snack did Peg's parents bring on
their first visit that made all the girls
excited? potato chips chapter 9
What did the Usems get? A new car chapter 9
What did Mrs. Meany do? Opened an antiques shop chapter 9
What was Steve Gentle doing? Taking piano lessons chapter 9
How many times had Shirley's parents
come to visit her? twice in seven months chapter 9
How often did Dorothy's parents try to
come visit? Once a month chapter 9
What happened when Alice's brother
visited her?
He saw how ugly she was and never came
back chapter 9
What comic books did Renee ask for
Peg's parents to bring her? Little Lulu or Archie and Veronica chapter 9
What did Shirley ask Peg's parents to
bring for her? a bag of marshmallows chapter 9
What did Dorothy ask for Peg's parents
to bring for her? licorice chapter 9
What did Peg's parents bring for Alice? pink lipstick chapter 9
How old was Art? eighteen chapter 9
What had a sorority group elected Art? Campus Dreamboat chapter 9
Who gave Dorothy a bag of licorice? Art chapter 9
What was Peg's one birthday wish? To walk again
chapter
10
What did Dorothy and Renee give to Peg
for her birthday?
a bead bracelet they had made in
occupational therapy class
chapter
10
What did Alice give to Peg on her
birthday? A card she had made chapter 10
What were the names of the nurses at
Sheltering Arms? Willie and Terry chapter 10
What did Miss Ballard switch Peg to
instead of hot packs? hot baths chapter 10
What did they do in OT (occupational
therapy) room?
crafts and projects to strengthen their
muscles chapter 10
What was the name of the occupational
therapist? Jeanette chapter 10
What task did Jeanette give Peg to do? pick up marbles with her toes chapter 10
What did Peg make in OT? a coin purse chapter 10
What did Peg do right before
Thanksgiving? Stood up by herself
chapter
11
What did Peg want to do in Hawaii? The hula chapter 11
What is a hula?
A Hawaiian dance where dancers in grass
skirts sway their hips to music chapter 11
How are walking sticks different from
crutches?
They end below the elbow and have rings
of metal circles at the top chapter 11
Why did it take so long for the walking
sticks to arrive?
They had to be specially made to the right
height for each patient chapter 11
Why was using walking sticks helpful? It helped strengthen leg muscles chapter 11
Where were the walking sticks made? Canada chapter 11
What did Peg start doing every day once
she was able to get from the bed to the
wheelchair by herself? Read to the little kids chapter 11
What was Peg's favorite thing to do in
her wheelchair? pop wheelies chapter 11
What did Peg call the place under her
bed? a supermarket chapter 11
How was Peg able to reach and pull out
cookie containers from under her bed?
With the back scratcher Grandpa had
given her chapter 11
How did Miss Ballard describe Peg to Dr.
Bevis? An exemplary patient and very brave chapter 11
How long was Dorothy sick before her
parents could get her to the doctor when
she started having polio symptoms? Three days
chapter
12
Why weren't Renee and Shirley able to
start Kenny Treatments as quickly as
Peg? They had to be in an iron lung chapter 12
Why didn't Alice get Kenny treatments? They hadn't been used at all yet chapter 12
Who did Shirley miss?
Her Grandma who used to sing her to
sleep when she was little chapter 12
What kind of voice did Alice have? clear, strong, soprano chapter 12
How did Alice know so many songs?
She listened to the radio a lot for
entertainment chapter 12
What did Peg's parents ask for in
December?
Permission to take Peg home for an
overnight visit chapter 12
What kind of car did Peg's parents
drive? A green Oldsmobile chapter 12
Why couldn't Peg stay upright in the
back seat of the car?
Seatbelts hadn't been used yet in
passenger cars chapter 12
Why was it difficult for Peg to get into
her house through the front door? There were two steps in front chapter 12
What did Peg's mom make for dinner on
the night she came home to visit?
macaroni and cheese, green beans,
Waldorf salad, and cream puffs for
dessert chapter 12
What did Peg always ask for on
birthdays or special occasions to eat for
dessert? cream puffs chapter 12
What embarrassed Peg when she visited
home?
Needing help to get out of her wheelchair
and onto the toilet chapter 12
Where did Peg sleep when she visited
home? On a cot in the living room chapter 12
What did Peg discover when she tried to
play piano when she visited hom?
Her foot could not long work the sustain
pedal chapter 12
What kind of instrument did Peg have to
learn to play in Occupational Therapy? an accordion chapter 13
Why did Peg hate the accordion?
It was heavy and awkward, and pushing it
in and out made her arms ache chapter 13
Why didn't Peg's dad use sheet music
when he played piano? He played by ear chapter 13
What did Peg's dad learn to play on the
accordion? Beer Barrel Polka chapter 13
How did Peg's dad learn to play Beer
Barrel Polka on the accordion so well so
fast?
He rented one from the music store and
practiced til midnight every night chapter 13
Why couldn't Shirley sit up for more
than an hour at a time? She had a weak back chapter 13
Who was the teacher at Sheltering
Arms? Mrs. West chapter 13
What did Peg love at school at
Sheltering Arms that helped her write?
a desk that attached to the arms of the
wheelchair chapter 13
What adult books did Peg read that the
librarian at the Minneapolis Public
Library brought?
The Hunchback of Notre Dame, War and
Peace, the Scarlet Letter chapter 13
How did Peg stay up with her classmates
at her regular school?
Her mom brought textbooks and weekly
assignments for her to do chapter 13
Why did Peg work so hard to teach
herself history and math?
She didn't want to be a grade behind her
friends chapter 13
Why was Sister Kenny called 'sister' if
she wasn't a Catholic Nun?
Sister is an Australian military term,
equivalent to first lieutenant in the US
Army chapter 13
In what war was Elizabeth Kenny
commissioned 'sister'? World War I chapter 13
How did Sister Kenny develop her
treatments?
In 1903 she put hot pieces of wet fabric
on a sick child to relieve her muscle
spasms chapter 13
Why did Sister Kenny know so much
about muscles?
Her brother's muscles were weak when he
was a child chapter 13
What was polio originally called? infantile paralysis chapter 13
What report did the Australian medical
officials publish in 1938 about Sister
Kenny's methods? That they were mistaken and unnecessary chapter 13
What did Sister Kenny do in 1940?
Left Australia and moved to Minnesota in
the United States chapter 13
What happened to Sister Kenny in
December, 1942?
The Sister Kenny Institute, a place where
they taught her theories and methods,
was dedicated in Minneapolis chapter 13
What did they do with polio patients
before Sister Kenny's treatments?
Put them in splints and casts to keep their
arms and legs straight chapter 13
What is the name of the cramp people
sometimes get in their legs? charley horse chapter 13
What happened to people's muscles
after they were in casts for a long time?
Their muscles withered (got weak) from
not being used chapter 13
How many steps did Peg take on the first
day of learning to use the walking sticks? ten
chapter
14
What did Peg give up after two weeks of
using the walking sticks? Silver -- her wheelchair chapter 14
What kind of songs made Peg feel lonely? Christmas carols chapter 15
What two groups came to Sheltering
Arms during Christmas time with clowns,
music, treats, and magicians? The Shriners and the Aqua Jesters chapter 15
What did Peg beg to do for Christmas?
Go home for two days - Christmas Eve and
Christmas Day chapter 15
What part did Peg play in the Christmas
play? Mary chapter 15
Who played Joseph in the Christmas
play? Kenny chapter 15
Who was the youngest actor in the
Christmas play? A 4 month old boy playing Jesus chapter 15
What did Alice do in the Christmas play? Sang a solo of Silent Night chapter 15
What was Peg's cue word to come out on
the stage during in the Christmas play? taxed chapter 15
What kind of shoes did Peg have to wear
to support her feet? saddle shoes chapter 15
Why did Peg need to try to walk on stage
as Mary without her sticks? There wasn't room to walk with them chapter 15
Who made a decree that all the world
should be taxed? Caesar Augustus chapter 15
What did Dorothy play int he Christmas
play? an angel
chapter
16
What did they use for gifts the wise
men brought for Jesus in the Christmas
play? decorated jewelry boxes chapter 16
How was Peg able to get upstairs to her
room when she visited home during
Christmas?
Art and her dad made a chair out of their
hands to carry her up and down chapter 16
Who else got Christmas passes to visit
home? Dorothy and Renee chapter 16
Who stayed at Sheltering Arms during
Christmas? Alice and Shirley chapter 16
Why couldn't Dorothy go home for
Christmas? She got pneumonia chapter 16
What did Peg's dad want to do with BJ
because he kept wanting to jump on Peg? Put him in the basement chapter 16
What was Peg disappointed about when
she got home?
They redecorated her room--it didn't feel
familiar and comfortable to her chapter 16
What did Dorothy get for Christmas?
A watch and a dress from her great aunt
in Montana chapter 16
What exciting news did Alice have about
her Christmas? Her uncle came to visit her chapter 16
What was 'Clutch'? The hospital newspaper chapter 16
What did Peg's mom want to do with her
toys and books? Donate them to the kids in the hospital chapter 16
Which dolls was Peg unwilling to donate
to the hospital?
her Raggedy dolls, Marilyn, and her Story
Book dolls chapter 16
Which books was Peg unwilling to donate? her Raggedy Ann books chapter 16
What book did Peg see a boy reading
that she wanted to grab from him? Donkey, Donkey chapter 16
What book did Miss Ballard put on Peg's
head?
The Birds of North America bird
identification book chapter 17
Why did Miss Ballard put a book on Peg's
head?
To teach her to stand straight by
balancing it chapter 17
What was the only fashion show Peg had
ever attended?
The mother daughter event at the
Methodist church chapter 17
What did Peg get to do in February? Go home for good chapter 17
What did the girls in room 202 tell Peg
they would miss when she went home? Her parents and her food chapter 17
Why did Peg have to go to University
Hospital before she went home for good? To walk for him chapter 17
What present did Peg's mom buy for Dr.
Bevis? A tie chapter 17
What did Peg do every morning once she
moved back home? exercised
chapter
18
What activity did Peg continue to do
order to strengthen her feet and leg
muscles? pick up marbles with her toes chapter 18
Why was it harder to walk with sticks at
home than at the hospital?
There was furniture and less room to
maneuver chapter 18
What did Peg's want to hear about when
they visited her? What it was like to have polio chapter 18
Why did Peg stop listening to the Lone
Ranger when she returned home?
Tonto and Silver belonged to a different
part of her life chapter 18
How was Dorothy able to move back
home even thought she wasn't able to
use braces?
Her brothers built her a ramp so she
could get in and out of the house with her
wheelchair chapter 18
Why did Peg feel safe and comfortable
with her friends at Sheltering Arms, and
sometimes want to go back?
Everyone there understood what it was
like to have polio chapter 18
What was Peg's first period class? English chapter 18
How did Peg sing differently in chorus
when she came back from Sheltering
Arms?
Her voice had improved, but she used her
stomach muscles rather than her
diaphragm chapter 18
How many months had Peg been gone
from home? seven chapter 18
How long did it take after she got home
for Peg to be able to walk without
sticks? one year
What did Peg do after graduating from
Austin High School? Wnet to the University of Minnesota
Who did Peg marry? Carl Kehret
What was Peg's maiden name? Schulze
What were Peg and Carl's kids' names? Anne and Bob
What does Peg Kehret like writing best? Books for young people
What does Peg still care a lot about and
include in her books a lot? animal welfare
What pets did Peg and Carl take with
them around the US in a motor home?
two cats (Pete and Molly) and a dog
(Daisy)
How many children, grandchildren, and
great grandchildren did Dorothy end up
with?
seven children, 18 grandchildren, 8 greatgrandchildren
What did Dorothy do until she retired?
Senior receptionist at the Courage Center
in Minneapolis - a rehab center for people
with physical disabilities
What did Renee write after she
graduated high school?
A weekly column in the local newspaper
and a history of her church
What did Alice do after she graduated
from high school?
Moved to a home for adults with
disabilities and was secretary for the
United Handicapped Federation in St.
Paul, Minnesota. She also sang in a church
choire
Which sibling did Alice reconnect with
and visit with until she died of cancer in
1993? Her brother
What happened to Shirley?
She died in 1955, five years after Peg left
Sheltering Arms
Where did Peg's brother, Art, graduate
from college?
Carleton College, and Harvard Business
School
Where did Art work as executive vice
president? General Mills
How many children and grandchildren did
Art have? four children, seven grandchildren
Why didn't Peg visit Tommy when she
went to University Hospital to see Dr.
Bevis?
It wasn't visiting hours, and they were
strictly envorded
How was Peg able to find Dr. Bevis years
later?
A school librarian who read her book gave
birth to a premature baby and he was her
doctor. She told Peg where the hospital
was and she found his phone number
What kind of doctor did Dr. Bevis
become after he worked with polio
patients at the Sister Kenny Institute in
Minneapolis? a pediatrician
What was Miss Ballard's first name? Althea
What stuffed animal did Patricia of
Schenectady, New York have when she
was a freshman in college? A monkey named Jojo
What did they do with Jojo so Patricia
could keep him?
Cut his head off and washed it with
alcohol to steralize it. They burned his
blue and yellow body.
What kind of running race was polio
compared to? a marathon
Who invented the first polio vaccine? Dr. Jonas Salk
Who continued work on polio vaccines
and developed an oral one? Dr. Sabin
What did Jo Auchterlonie, a 5th grade
teacher in Wichita Kansas, do with her
students after they read Small Steps?
Had them spend half a day in a wheelchair
so they could feel what it would be like
What PBS special about polio was shown
in 1998? A Paralyzing Fear
What started happening to Peg 40 years
after she first had polio symptoms?
Muscle aches, foot cramps, back pain,
fatigue, and weakness in her arms and legs
returned----Post Polio Syndrome
What do many form polio patients have
to do when they get old?
Return to walking sticks, braces, and
wheelchairs
What does Peg's cane that she uses to
walk have on it? cat faces
Why doesn't Peg give school talks any
more? Because of fatigue and muscle pain
When Carl, Peg's husband, died in 2004,
how many years had they been married? forty-eight
What is Peg Kehret's hobbies?
READING, pumping her player piano,
browsing in antique shops
Where does Peg Kehret live now?
in a log house on 10 acres of forest near
Mount Ranier National Park in Washington
state.
How many grandchildren does Peg have? four
What kinds of animals live on Peg's
wildlife sanctuary? deer, elk, rabbits, and birds
What does Peg's son, Bob, do for a
career?
High school teacher and volleyball and
track coach
What does Peg's daugther, Anne, do for
a career? Gymnastics coach and Girl Scout leader
Who are Brett, Chelsea, Eric, and Mark? Peg's grandchildren
What is Peg most proud of in regard to
her book, Small Steps?
Many children say they appreciate their
own good health and loving families more
than they used to
What city was hardest hit in 1916 when
the first major US polio epidemic
occured? New York City
What did some communities do when
families with children fled New York
City?
Tried to keep them out because they
feared their own children would get sick
What United States president got polio
in 1921 and had to use a wheelchair? President Franklin D. Roosevelt
What is Hilltop Cottage?
The home President Roosevelt built in
Hyde Park, New York for his retirement
What was President Roosevelt's dog's
name? Fala
Who was Ruthie Bi?
The daugher of Hilltop Cottage's
caretakers.
Who was Ethel Bailey? Dr. Jonas Salk's research assistant
Where was Dr. Jonas Salk's laboratory
where he developed the polio vaccine?
The University of Pittsburgh, in
Pennsylvania
What kind of polio vaccine was Salk's? a killed-virus polio vaccine
Who funded Dr. Jonas Salk's research? The March of Dimes
What did 1.8 million children do in 1984? Took part in trials of the Salk vaccine
What were the children called who first
tested the Salk polio vaccine? Polio Pioneers
Who led the trials of the first polio
vaccine?
Dr. Thomas Francis, Jr. of the University
of Michigan
What did all the Polio Pioneer kids get
after they tested the vaccine? A tin button
When was the Salk vaccine pronounced
safe and effective? 4/12/1955
What kind of polio vaccine did Dr. Albert
Sabin develop? a live-virus vaccine
Where was Dr. Albert Sabin's
laboratory? at the Univesrity of Cinncinnati
What vaccine replaced the Salk polio
vaccine in 1962? Sabin's live-virus vaccine.
Why did Peg's mom destroy all the
pohots of her in her wheelchair or with
walking sticks?
She didn't want to remember that part of
her life.
What kind of necklace does Peg Kehret
own?
An award necklace with a charm for every
one of the 25 states where she's won the
Young Reader Award.
What stamp did the US Postal Service
issue in 1957?
A 3 cent stamp honoring those who helped
fight polio
What stamp was issued in 1999?
A 33 cent stamp entitled, "Polio Vaccine
Developed"
What stamps were issued in 2006?
63 cent stamps honoring Dr. Salk and Dr.
Sabin
What does a stone carving made around
1500 BCE show?
A man named Ruma, a gatekeeper, at an
Egyptian temple, leaning on a staff. He has
dropfoot.
In what year was the first clinical
description written about polio? 1789 by a British physician
What diseases got more attention than
polio until the big epidemic? diphtheria and smallpox
Why did a German doctor call polio
'infantile paralysis' in 1840? Victims were often children
Where was the first recorded polio
epidemic in the late 1800's? Scandinavia
Where were 44 cases of polio reported
in the United States in 1894? Vermont
How many cases of polio were reported
in the United States in 1916? twenty seven thousand
How many deaths were reported in 1916
from polio? six thousand
What is polio caused by? A virus
How were babies protected even when
they were infected?
They were still protected by their
mother's antibodies and their immune
systems were stimulated, so their
symptoms were mild and they developed
lifelong protection against polio
What are antibodies?
substanced produced by the body's
immune system that destroy bacteria and
viruses.
Why did children get polio more once
sanitation improved?
They were exposed when they were older,
so they didn't have their mother's
antibodies
What did they capture and kill in New
York City in 1916? 72 thousand stray cats
Why did some people only let their
children play outside at night, in the
dark?
They thought sunshine made children
more vulnerable to polio
What part of the body does the
poliovirus attack? Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord
How old was Franklin Delano Roosevelt
when he was diagnosed with polio in
1921? thirty-nine
o
Where did President Roosevelt go for
rehabilitation? Warm Springs, a spa in Georgia
What exercise made President Roosevelt
stronger? swimming
What did Franlklin Roosevelt and his
partner, Basil O'Connor do in 1926?
Bought WArm Springs spa and made it
into a nonprofit foundation for polio
survivors
What did Franklin Roosevelt do in 1928? Ran for governor of New York
How many terms did Roosevelt serve as
President of the United States? four
What great things did Roosevelt do as
president?
Led the United States to victory in World
War II and out of the Great Depression
Why didn't Roosevelt lik photographs of
him in his wheelchair?
People thought disabled people were weak
and unable to contribute to society
What did Roosevelt use when he gave
speeches? high-high leg braces and a can
What did Warm Springs Foundation do
to raise money?
Held Birthday Balls in eight cities on
Roosevelts birthday, January 30, 1934
What foundation did President Roosevelt
establish in 1938?
The National Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis
Who coined the phrase, March of Dimes? Eddie Cantor, an entertainer
What did Eddie Cantor encourage people
to do? Send bags of dimes to the White House
Who starred in the movie, Sister Kenny,
in 1946? Rosalind Russel
What did a group of women in Phoenix
Arizona organize in 1950? A Mother's March on Polio
What did they tell people to do if they
wanted to contribute money to fight
polio during the Mother's March in
Phoenix? Turn on their porch light at 7 o'clock
How much money did they raise during
the first national Mother's March on
Polio? $45,000
What did Peg Kehret and her mom do, a
year after she came home from the
hospital?
Marched in the Mother's March to collect
money for polio research
What was the worst year for polio, with
57,879 cases? 1952
How does the poliovirus get into a
person's body?
Through the mouth, into the digestive
system, then to the bloodstream, and
finally to the nervous system
What is the principal of immunization?
Inject a small amount of a disease to
stimulate the body's immune system to
produce antibodies to fight it. Create
enough antibodies without creating a
severe form of the disease.
What did they test the polio vaccine on
first, before people? monkeys
What did three scientists in Boston
discover how to do with the poliovirus?
Grow it in test tubes instead of live
monkeys so they could make enough
vaccine
Who were John F. Enders, Frederick C.
Robbins, and Thomas H. Weller?
The scientists who invented growing
poliovirus in test tubes, and the winners
of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Medicine
What did Dr. Jonas Salk do with this
polio vaccine that showed how confident
he was of its safety and effectiveness?
Injected himself, his wife, and his three
sons before he gave it to the public
When did President Franklin Delano
Roosevelt die? 4/12/1945
When did they do the field trial for the
polio vaccine? spring and summer of 1954
By how many years did Peg miss the polio
vaccine? six years
What did Jonas Salk say when people
asked him who owned the patent on his
vaccine?
"There is no patent. Could you patent the
sun?"
Within two years of Salk's polio vaccine,
polio cases in the United States
droppped by what percent? 80%
When was Dr. Sabin's live-virus oral
vaccine ready to test?
1959, five years after Dr. Salk's
successful trial
Where was Sabin's vaccine trial held? Russia
How many in Russia were vaccinated with
Sabin's vaccine? 10 million
Why was Salk's injected killed virus
vaccine replaced with Sabin's oral, livevirus
vaccine in 1962? It was cheaper and easier to administer
What did both Salk and Sabin NOT do
which showed how good they were?
They didn't patent their vaccine. They
made it available for the public good.
When was the last case of naturally
occuring poio in the United States? 1979
Why did the US start using Salk's
injected inactivated virus vaccine again
in 2000?
In 1998 a group of parents whose children
contracted poilo by GETTING the vaccine
and not being strong enough to produce
antibodies petitioned the Centers for
Disease Control to stop the use of the live
virus
What is the CDC (Center for Disease
Control)?
A government agency responsible for
preventing infectious and chronic diseases
What did Rotary International, a service
organization, do in 1985?
Made worldwide eradication of polio its
top goal and raised millions of dollars to
buy vaccine and distribute it all over the
world
What four organizations now work
together to eradicate polio?
1) Rotary International, 2) World
Health Organization 3) United Nations
International Children's Emergency Fund
4) Centers for Disease Control
Where did they vaccinate 150 million
children in one day in 2001? India
Where were 90% of the polio cases
reported in 2005? Nigeria, India, and Pakistan
Why is it hard to distribute and
admininster the polio vaccine around the
world?
It has to be kept cold and some areas of
the world don't have refrigeration
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